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With any star, the amount of energy a planet receives is based on its distance. The further you are the less energy it gets. This more or less means that any star system has a habitable zone where life is possible under the right conditions. But as you noted, it's taken life nearly 4 billion...

PP, I've gone over your two responses, and this is what I have so far. If I understand you correctly, every particle has a hole in its center, and this hole is negative mass and thus dark matter (making it magnetic)? Again, if I understand you, this hole is identical in volume to the...

This might be a bit trickier to understand than I originally thought. I am quite unfamiliar with most of the terms you are using, so I feel I can't accurately gauge what you're saying. What do you mean by a "grain"? I am unfamiliar with that term. I am also unfamiliar with Newton's Kissing...

I'm not saying they don't exist, only that silicon isn't known to have long chains of hundreds of silicon atoms in contrast to carbon, which is important for complex life. I'm not sure if the largest silicon molecules found in nature even reaches a dozen silicon atoms. Not necessarily, never...

Yes. Enzymes catalyze reactions by having a specific structure as their active site, where the substrate(s)/reactants bind to the active site and then are catalyzed into whatever products the enzyme specifies. There are also things like cofactors that can change the structure of enzymes that the...

Yes carbon is preferable to silicon. Like carbon, silicon has 4 valence electrons in its outer shell which are important for chemical reactions, so on the surface it looks like a viable alternative. But there is also electronegativity, the measure of the atom to attract electrons, which is also...

Yes. Well, not me personally, but scientists yes. I think all evidence points to yes. Not that I know of, same with absorption (does a black hole do that?). I have noticed. I met someone before who didn't accept dark matter because he/she believed that scientists were making it up to...

In another thread in the science section dark matter came up. Pincho Paxton said that he knows what dark matter is, I assume through his model somehow(?). As I'm curious to hear this explanation of what dark matter is, Paxton suggested to create a new thread in this section of the forum where he...

I'd be very interested to see where this leads. Can you talk about it in the alternate theories section?

It's pretty conclusive that dark matter exists, we unequivocally see its gravitational effects where there is no visible matter in any spectrum range. The question is 'what is it?' No one really knows, but there are viable candidates as you can read about above. Of course, we could all just...

Since I can't post links yet, and that NASA site has a good overview of dark matter candidates in one of their links, I thought I'd just copy and paste some of the material, hope everyone is okay with that. When I get a few more posts in and can link to the site I'll do so.

If you look at galaxy collisions, you can see dark matter separating from normal matter, and from what scientists see they've concluded that dark matter has no electrical charge, meaning that it doesn't interact electromagnetically. Also, its noted to not be influenced by friction, either by...

I think that is too true. While there might be a few pockets here and there of people that are able to see this objectively, as a society/culture we are just not there yet. Not to mention all the crazy groups around the world that make true racism a very contemporary issue still, like this black...

If I'm not mistaken, the guy in the OP said that women have more than 1 Y chromosome :bugeye: I'm gonna take a wild guess that his level of knowledge concerning "races" from a biological/scientific standpoint can be summed up in that sentence in that women only have X chromosomes. Whether...

That is a very good point. In biology and medicine, scientists and doctors don't look races, but haplogroups which are like clads. And in Africa there are several different haplogroups, not to mention Africa is one of the most genetically diverse places in the world (talking about indigenous...

As others have said, water is a very good solvent, because of its polarity. Also the way that water molecules are attracted to itself and other objects make it ideal for certain tasks like being sucked up by plant roots and being dispersed throughout the plant. Water has a high specific heat...

True, but their strength is a lot different; electromagnetism's strength decreases much more rapidly over distance than gravitation. Others have pointed out more reasons why it is highly unlikely that gravity is a product of electromagnetism. There just isn't a strong correlation, let alone a...

We can measure the electromagnetic force, it decays way too quickly with distance; gravity is weak but is carried incredibly far. They may be facets of the same force as per the theory of everything, but electromagnetism is not causing gravity according to our current knowledge.

Thanks James R, that helps out a lot. I really wish I knew physics so I could understand the equations used, but I think I pretty much got it. :)

Pensive, If I understood you right this is your first year at university? So whether you go into biochem or biotech you'll probably be taking the same basic courses for the next few semesters regardless. In that time you might want to look into each career. At least at my university there's...