This is misleading because it does not say that the entropy of the reaction has to increase.
It is not only NOT misleading, it is the well-established science you are continuing to deny because you
feel like you understand the law. Clearly you don't.
A "reaction" is not a "system".
You are ignoring the teaching materials I have given you. You are continuing with the fallacy that you can draw the boundary as you please. You will never see your error until you study these materials, or similar tutorials, with the ability to solve the sample problems given. Until then, this is pure crankdom.
It only says that the entropy of the universe needs to increase. The equation is G=H-TS. The S or entropy can decrease as long as the H decreases even more to get G negative. It is simple math.
Simple math that you have not begun to comprehend. You are resisting my every effort to steer you to your error. By demonstrating willful ignorance of simple math, you are plotting a course to certain failure with the harder ideas.
For example, the polymerization of polyethylene from ethylene lowers the entropy of ethylene, but still goes forward because there is a lot of energy (enthalpy) given off. This energy output can be used to increase the external entropy for the universal balance.But the polyethylene becomes frozen as a plastic with high crystalline order.
Dust off the organic chemistry textbooks and go work some problems of this nature and you will quickly discover your errors. The statement I highlight is bogus. Find out why.
I don't think you are listening or reading properly.
I'm not the one propounding this BS. I'm the one trying to show you what the dozen or more folks here are telling you. I am trying to help you understand. I have read your posts over and over and all I find are known errors. Whether or not I understand you is irrelevant, because you are propounding errors. You have to correct your mistakes before you can hope to be understood.
I have been focusing only on the membrane potential, period.
Bull. you have been focusing on yourself, not even once quoting even an elementary text to support your claims. If you want to focus on a cell membrane you
must apply the methods from the learning material I gave you. Otherwise, you are lost in yourself, thus you get comments from folks like Dywyddyr and others that "you have your head in the sand", or comments to that effect.
The cell uses a lot of ATP energy to induce this potential. This creates a situation, relative to K+ and Na+ of high energy and low entropy due to the segregation of these cations.
How do you know? have you established the ADP/ATP cycle yet? No. Until you do so
and draw the system boundary you will not have begun to understand the nature of your error. Again, refer to the college materials. You will find some problems at the end of the chapter. Until you can solve them, none of this matters.
I have not finished the energy and entropy balance.
No, you have not begun with a proper formulation.
I first need to make clear the cationic gradient exist at higher energy and lower energy then if you stopped adding ATP and allow the potential to disperse.
No, you first need to establish the system boundary. You need a diagram, the equations from the governing laws (including osmosis and equilibrium of concentrations, the Boltzmann vs Gibbs analysis, a discussion of the logarithmic entropy vs organization, etc.) and the valid reasoning to make inferences so you can calculate properly. You have none of this. This is why no one else is listening to you. Again, I'm just trying to explain, thinking that you have a morsel of common sense that will pull you out of the hole.
What you are doing is clearly seen as an attempt to prove an antecedent conclusion. Conclusions don't come first.
Evidence comes first, including the tools worked out for you in from the prevailing science, given to you in the elementary college tutorial, with sample problems, which you ignore.
This dispersal of potential will move the direction of lower energy and higher entropy; uniform solution.
What is "dispersion of potential"? Refer to the following in your answer:
Since nature prefers lower energy and higher entropy, things connected to this unstable boundary condition, will need to balance this out, like you say.
No I didn't say that. Go back and read the laws of thermodynamics. Furthermore, be careful placing the word "boundary" near the word "unstable", since your refusal to draw your system still rings the death knell on all of this.
The input of ATP and the cationic boundary is the straw that stirs the drink
Where does ATP "input" from? Where is the system boundary? What creates ATP? What are the
total energy sources and sinks in this idea of yours?
We see the same thing, the difference is I am building it in layers starting at the main source of all the potential. I am looking at the motor first, and not the entire car, just yet.
Hah! You are looking only at yourself, not at all at the world that
already solved this problem that you continue to ignore.
I already showed how adenine is like mini-TNT and modern DNA contains 30% adenine.
As soon as you said "DNA" you jumped track, to your foregone conclusions about evolution. You were about to talk about energy transfer at the cell wall, you then almost started to talk about metabolism, and now you jump to replication. Bogus. By the way, the statement "DNA contains 30% adenine" sounds like a label on the snake oil. Why not just
derive these claims of yours instead of jumping into them with these bogus concepts? And why are you harping on adenonsine when the ADP in the earlier context is purely associated with metabolism? Who cares (at this point) about codons?
Since the enthalpy of formation of adenine is endothermic
Woh, pardner, back up! Formation of what? I'm still back at the cell membrane.
, the concentration of adenine would have started low in evolution
And there you go jumping to the foregone conclusion. FAIL.
compared to the other more exothermic nucleic acids, all else being equal.
Bull.
The high energy boundary is consistent with the rise in adenine incorporated into the DNA.
:roflmao:
That right there is where folks slam down the phone on you. Pure crap.
I am developing the DNA in another way, more consistent with the needs of an energy/entropy connection.
So this really was a coded exercise in proving a foregone conclusion of intelligent design.
Can I get a grant from a Creation Science or Intelligent Design foundation, to polish your prose a little? Because this can be sold. On the bullshit market!
Next I need to look at the purpose of the phosphate. Then I will be able to backtrack and complete the energy and entropy balance that surrounds the cationic gradient.
What a waste of a mind. In the time you have spent foaming at the mouth and having catatonic visions of divine intervention, you could have read the materials I offered, worked the problems, had intelligent discussion, and moved on to the later chapters.
Here are the cites again, just in case you believe in redemption and the sacred value of human inspiration that delivers us our information, hand fed, so that we may become whole again, even after our fall from grace:
Cellular Thermodynamics, Joe Wolf, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. An article on the level of a tutorial, with chapter end problems.
Biological Thermodynamics, lecture notes, Rutgers Unversity. Basic principles, illustrations and formulas, helpful aids, supplements the material in the above tutorial.
Good luck. You'll need it.
