Those transfers are more than just Social Security and Medicare. Social Security and Medicare are pay as you go systems. So the US debt number commonly used by the press is grossly overstated.
But the solvency of those programs stated in the press
includes the assumption that the US will pay in full the debt held by the SSA so that the principal and interest are there, in cash, to pay benefits.
We agree we in the US have long term fiscal issues. But we are not facing an immediate fiscal crisis unless we do something stupid like threaten to not pay our bills and intentionally default as the House Republicans attempted to do last year. Currently our debt service is about 6 percent of revenues - not at all bad. We have the ability to solve our long term fiscal issues.
We like to think we are not facing an immediate crisis, but the truth is that no one knows when the problem will hit. It is not impossible that in less than a year, or two, or four global debt markets could seize up as debtor nations begin to default. A year to disaster is unlikely, but four? no one can say that it isn't. Heaven forbid that China suffer a disaster large enough to set their economy back to the point where they are trying to sell their U.S. debt, because that would be an immediate crisis for us.
Assuming we are going to wait for the economy to be back where it was in the 1990's before doing anything, that's not good enough. By the time it is painfully obvious that a crisis is looming (assuming we have any significant advance warning at all) it will also be too late to fix it quickly. We cannot pay even a lower $10 trillion debt back in a single year, or even in four years. The way to avert the crisis is to demonstrate to the credit markets that we are showing fiscal responsibility before there is a crisis, not after.
Here is my specific problem with Romney, last year Republican leadership steadfastly told business leaders and Wall Street not to worry about the debt ceiling they had it under control. Well we now know that was not the case and we narrowly missed the bullet by the skin on our teeth. If a Republican president is elected, will they be able to control the Republican mob in Congress? I don't think so. We know Boehner can't.
That's certainly true, Romney is an unknown quantity in that regard, but we do know that Obama can't control them. Obama didn't seem to have a lot of control even when the Democrats were in control of both houses (which is when I started to doubt his ability to lead).
So we have Obama, who seemed to have no control versus a guy who may or may not have any control. So long as Romney's control > 0 (and especially given the likelihood that the GOP will gain seats this election), Romney beats Obama on that score assuming one agrees with the direction he would lead that Congress (if one dislike's Romney's proposals, then less control would be better).
Obama's strength, imo, is that his foreign policy is pretty strong. Although I'm sure the GOP candidate (which I fear will be Newt, whom I can't imagine voting for) will attack Obama on a "weak" foreign policy, other than his obviously strained relationship with Israel there's really not that much to complain about. What international problems there are arose independently of anything Obama did.
That said, foreign policy triumphs are not likely to get me motivated to vote for him so long as domestic concerns loom so large. I am not convinced that Romney will solve them either, though, so I am not sold on him, but I could be won over to his side. That said, as stated above, I don't think President's can greatly stimulate economies, I think they can mostly wreck them. The rest of the time, I think they take the credit or blame for what the economy would have done anyway. What we can do is maintain a sensible fiscal and monetary policy, which at present we are not doing.
One economic puzzle is clear, though the recession is long since over they theory that depressed economies would experience "catch-up growth" after the recession seems to have been disproven this time out. Neither we nor the Eurozone have seen any sign of it. That's a shame, as I was banking on that when Obama took office. I have no doubt he'd sail easily into his second term if Brad DeLong, Paul Krugman and the like (which was the conventional view for a long time, so not to fault them too much for backing it) had been correct about there being a robust amount of "rebound" growth to offset recession losses. In the fight between the "unit root" hypothesis and the "trend stationary" hypothesis of post-recession recoveries, unit root seems to have won this round (though the fight is far from over). If anything, the unit root hypothesis is looking overly optimistic.