LG,
What do you mean by life? ”
take a dead person and compare it to a living one
That doesn’t answer the question. What exactly is the difference? All that can be seen is the absence of an energy flow similar to turning off the electrical power to a computer. Could we say that a computer that is turned on is alive and when it is turned off it is dead? We wouldn’t say that the flow of electrons is a soul since we know better.
What would make a biological machine, like a human or a bacterium any different? Aren’t they simply constructed from different materials? The energy flow in biological mechanisms is maintained by metabolic processes that are fueled by externally consumed materials. Stop the flow of nutrition for long enough and the biological entity shuts down, i.e. dies.
The difference between a biological machine and say a computer is that once the energy flow ceases for long enough then the materials decay and are unable to regain sufficient integrity to operate again, i.e. resurrection becomes impossible. Unlike a computer whose components general do not decay so resurrection is possible no matter how long the energy had been removed.
“ What is a soul? ”
the difference in the above scenario
That really doesn’t help. All I can see in this context is that “soul” means the presence of energy flow.
“ A bacterium is alive - does it then have a soul? ”
yes
8 400 000 species of life in this world - only 400 000 are humanoid (according to the vedas)
That would be consistent with the concept that all living things are maintained by an active metabolic process. We don’t need to call that a soul.
“ If souls "enter" a living organism where do these souls come from? ”
souls do not enter living organisms - they are what gives dull matter the symptoms of life
Agreed. Again consistent with an active metabolic process.
“ Is there an infinite supply of souls and what are they doing while waiting for physical form? ”
two ways to answer this
the easiest is that living entities only come to the material world when they have material desires to express (much like people only go to jail when they do crime)
a more technical answer is that conditioned souls at the time of the periodical annihilation of the material universe enter into a dormant state, much like computer file can be compacted while not in use
This introduces new definitions of “soul” that are in conflict with your earlier definition. You imply/state that “soul” is the difference between a dead thing and a living thing. How can such a state difference have desires or be dormant?
What then is a soul now since your new implication is obviously more than your statement of a difference between alive/non-alive biological matter?
“ If there is a finite supply would that mean that at some point a person could be born without a soul, and what would that mean? ”
once again, you can't separate life from the soul anymore than you cab separate sunlight from the sun
Which is consistent again with an active metabolic process.
“ Consciousness and self-awareness (you) are mainatained and generated by the brain. ”
an idea popularized by science fiction but yet to make headway in science ...
So let’s look at this differently. Every biological organ performs a specific function which we can generally identify. Degrees of self-awareness and intelligence are also manifestations of living organisms and that degree correlates quite nicely with brain size and complexity. It is not a huge leap to conclude that these features are maintained by the brain, an organ of immense complexity that we as yet do no fully comprehend how it operates, but through endless clinical experiments we do know it accounts for thoughts, memory, and emotions, and its tentacles (nervous system) are spread throughout the biological entity. I’ll avoid the label “consciousness” since that introduces irrelevant connotations to this discussion.
Since self-awareness, intelligence, thoughts, emotions, do not seem to be generated by any other organs then the brain seems an outright winner, right?
What more is there? Why conclude anything else?
And the religious alternative is – the brain doesn’t do these things but instead something inconceivable and unsupportable and something immaterial – magic happens. Why could this ever be considered credible as opposed to –
The brain exists, is complex, and self-awareness and intelligence exists. Linking the connection seems, and forgive the pun, like a no-brainer.
“ When the brain is irreparably damaged then you will cease to exist. ”
I think we have gone over this before - there is a distinction between the conceived self (self awareness) and the self as context (consciousness)
An artificially contrived concoction that has no relevance. It is only invented in a diversionary attempt to support an unsupportable notion of a soul.
“ What function would a soul perform that a brain cannot? ”
even a dead person has a brain - doesn't seem to help them too much in manifesting the symptoms of life however
Please don’t be insulting and so foolish. Please see the description of active metabolism above. Your argument is just as dumb as the person who complains that his computer isn’t working because the power has been turned off.
“ Isn't the soul concept an unfortunate ignorant leftover from the times when the mechanism of neural networks had not been discovered ”
you are just simply trying to bluff
discovery of neural pathways has lead to any such "discovery"
I’m very serious here – this is not a bluff. Before electricity, for example, was discovered and for millennia people had no idea how emotions, thoughts, self-awareness, etc could be generated other than something magical. And the ancient Egyptians simply mushed the brain material and threw it away during mummification because they could not see any connection. And current religious thinking and the soul concept is still in those dark and ignorant patterns. So please wake up – the brain is an incredible organ with some 2 billion neurons and trillions of connections – gee I wonder where all these soul-like attributes are being generated. Surely this should be so obvious. So why-oh-why is this soul nonsense still around. It simply has no basis in fact.
“ Up until then no one could imagine how emotions and thoughts could orignate other than something magical. ”
you're not confusing self awareness and consciousness again are you?
I see no conflict here with my statement.
“ It is surely time to put these silly ideas of a soul behind us and move on. ”
if you had something for us to move on to with, rather than anticipations of what science will discover in the years to come ( a favorite topic of sci-fi) perhaps it would be possible - as it remains however, the facts still stand - material reductionism has not lead to any discovery of the fundamental principle of life (even though its plain enough to notice the symptoms)
And your answer is magic that is infinitely further away from what you claim is science fiction. If even what I am saying is science fiction then what possible basis and credibility can you offer for your fantasies of immaterial souls?
In a nutshell – massively complex brain that we are still trying to understand and whose functions are clearly in the ballpark of thoughts, emotions, self-awareness, intelligence, etc.
Your offering – magic that unexplainably causes and maintains life.
Where is your credibility?