yazata said:
But... if we assume that science describes the regularities in existence, describes how reality around us typically behaves, then scientific understanding would describe what is normal just by definition.
It may describe what is the norm, but its description doesn't define the norm as being normal.
I don't understand that.
Perhaps part of the difficulty is an ambiguity in the meaning of the word 'normal'. Dictionaries define 'normal' as "conforming to common standards, usual". The problem is that those don't mean the same thing, unless conformance to "common standards" describes what happens most frequently. The first meaning has a moral-evaluative connotation (that isn't
normal!), the second is more statistical.
My remarks up above weren't intended to have any moral-evaluative content and weren't meant to suggest that normality is good and abnormality is bad. I only intended to say that if science describes the order of nature, then it describes what can be expected to happen most frequently.
It was normal before science ever came along and described it. Lightning is normal for thunderstorms, but that doesn't mean it wasn't normal before science could explain it. Consciousness is normal for living humans, but that doesn't mean science can explain it.
Right, I agree entirely.
I then proceeded to outline Hume's argument against belief in miracles. If science describes the order of nature, and if the order of nature describes what happens most frequently, and if miracles are violations of the order of nature, then miracles will be unlikely by their very nature.
MR said:
I don't think any natural order is being broken with paranormal phenomena. I just think what we believe to be "natural order" is much more flexible and varied than what we presently know. I think you would agree, seeing you accept the possibility of anomalous fortean phenomena.
Maybe. My thinking about that is still a work in progress. (See my remarks below.)
That's not to say any laws of nature are being violated. It's just saying there are many more phenomena out there than we presently know that fall outside what we observe to be lawful and regulated behavior. Does it mean they don't have their own laws? No not at all. We just haven't discovered them yet.
Part of the difficulty with "paranormal" phenomena is all the interpretive stuff that comes along them as with baggage.
If we restrict ourselves to saying that a seemingly unusual and subjectively uncanny event happened in such and such a place, then I wouldn't have much problem believing that. The questions I would have would be whether the event was subjective or objective, and what its explanation was.
But if I am told that the event was the manifestation of the disembodied spirit of a dead teenager after a car wreck, I would be far more skeptical. That's because the account isn't just describing the event, it's leaping to proposing a whole theory about what it was. It's a ghost, a spirit, the animating life-force of a human being manifesting in what appears to be gaseous form. That seems to me to be an expression of an obsolete biological theory that's still knocking around in folk-metaphysics, quite at odds with science's understanding of physiology. I agree that it isn't impossible, but I wouldn't give it a very high likelihood of being true. I'd say that the likelihood of more mundane explanations, ranging from misinterpreting a cloud of vapor as a face to the possibility of a doctored photograph, are probably going to be higher than the 'ghost' interpretation.
If such anomalous phenomena are possible and sometimes occur, then dismissing them out of hand with "default positions" and skepticism seems prejudicial to me.
Maybe an analogy is winning the lottery. If we know that somebody won, then the probability of there being a winner out there is 1. But if hundreds of millions of lottery tickets were sold, the odds of my particular ticket being the winner would be damn near zero.
We will never really know if this is a real phenomena if we do not suspend our disbelief and at least accept the possibility that in every mysterious case the paranormal or anomalous HAS occurred. Then, if it gets debunked by mundane causes, no big deal. We move on to the next case, always open to the possibility that it may happen in the future. Note I speak with the perspective of one who accepts that the paranormal DOES indeed occur based on tons of accounts and investigations.
I have no problem accepting that all kinds of things happen around me that I can't personally explain. But that suggests that maybe I shouldn't go around promoting fanciful theories that purport to explain those things. Having said that, my view is that whatever the ultimate explanation of these things is, that explanation will more likely be in accordance with scientific understanding than in contradiction to it. That doesn't mean that contradictions with the belief-system of contemporary science are impossible, just that I consider them unlikely. It's basically a heuristic principle, I guess.